To properly wash turnout gear according to NFPA 1850 (Chapter 6) standards, follow these key steps:

1. Preliminary Exposure Reduction (On-Scene Decontamination)

• Brush off dry debris using a soft bristle brush.
• Rinse gently using low-pressure, low-volume water.
• Use mild detergent if necessary, followed by gentle rinsing.
• Bag contaminated gear to prevent cross-contamination and transport it separately from personal vehicles.

2. Advanced Cleaning (Routine Cleaning Process)

• Frequency: At least twice a year or after significant contamination.
• Approved Cleaning Methods:
  
  • Use an NFPA 1850-compliant washer/extractor (Top-loaders are not allowed).
  • Water temperature should not exceed 120°F (49°C).
  • Mild detergent (pH between 6.0 and 9.5) should be used.
  • Avoid bleach, solvents, or harsh chemicals.
  • Ensure all closures (zippers, snaps, hooks, etc.) are fastened before washing.
  • Separate outer shells and liners if they are detachable.

3. Drying Procedures

• If using a drying cabinet or machine dryer, temperature must not exceed 120°F (49°C).
• Use low heat or no-heat settings unless the dryer has a moisture-sensing feature.
• If Air drying is utilized it is recommended in a well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight, UV light, or high heat.

4. Specialized Cleaning (For Hazardous Contaminants)

• Used for heavy contamination from:
  
  • Hazardous materials (chemicals, fuel, asbestos, etc.).
  • Bloodborne pathogens and biohazards.
  • Lithium-ion battery fires or toxic combustion products.
• Specialized cleaning must be performed by a verified ISP (Independent Service Provider).

5. Inspection & Record-Keeping

• Inspect gear after every use for damage, contamination, and wear.
• Maintain cleaning records to track cleaning frequency and contamination incidents.